Constipation during pregnancy is one of the most common digestive problems in pregnant women: slowed transit, hard stools, discomfort, and sometimes pain and hemorrhoids. The problem is that women often hesitate to take action for fear of "harming the baby" or using an unsuitable product. In this guide, you will understand why constipation occurs during pregnancy, what to do about it (diet, habits, compatible treatments), and when to consult a doctor to avoid complications.

Why constipation common during pregnancy?

Hormonal causes: progesterone and slowed digestion

During pregnancy, the increase in progesterone relaxes the smooth muscles, including those of the intestines: as a result, peristalsis (the movements that move stool forward) is less efficient. This promotes:

• a slowdown in transit
• Increased water reabsorption in the colon → harder stools

Mechanical causes: the uterus taking up space

Over the weeks, the uterus can compress the intestinal loops, especially in the 2nd ^and 3rd ^trimesters , which contributes to slowing down transit.

Iron, diet, and changes in rhythm

Very common aggravating factors:

• iron supplements (which can cause constipation in some women)
• less physical activity (fatigue, lower back pain)
• Insufficient hydration (nausea, vomiting)
• A diet lower in fiber (food aversions)

Constipation during pregnancy : what is “normal”... and what should raise concern

Typical symptoms

• fewer than 3 bowel movements per week
• hard stools, difficult to pass
• sensation of incomplete evacuation
• bloating, abdominal discomfort

Warning signs (seek medical help promptly)

Contact a healthcare professional if:

• intense, persistent abdominal pain
• bright red blood in the stool (beyond a few traces related to a fissure/hemorrhoids)
• fever, intractable vomiting
• weight loss, inability to eat/hydrate
• constipation that comes on suddenly and severely
• absence of bowel movements > 5–7 days despite hygiene and dietary measures

Relieving constipation during pregnancy : the most effective strategy (step by step)

Step 1: Optimize the fibers (without making a mistake)

Objective: to gradually increase fiber intake to avoid gas and pain.

Soluble fibers (often better tolerated) :

• oat flakes
• chia/flax seeds (well hydrated)
• psyllium (with plenty of water)
• fruits (kiwi, pear, citrus fruits)

Insoluble fibers (effective but sometimes irritating) :

• wheat bran
• whole grains
• Raw vegetables (adjust portion if bloating occurs)

Expert tip (effectiveness + tolerance)
: Increase over 7–10 days, not 24 hours. Doubling fiber without drinking more fluids can worsen constipation during pregnancy .

Step 2: “Useful” hydration (not just drinking more)

The practical target: light yellow, regular urine.

• water distributed throughout the day
• broths, soups, simple herbal teas (without risky plants)
• In the morning: a large glass of water + a high-fiber breakfast can trigger the gastrocolic reflex

Step 3: Activate transit with simple routines

• Walk 20–30 min/day (if permitted)
• gentle abdominal breathing, pelvic mobility
• "Toilet" schedule after meals (gastro-colic reflex)
• Position: Elevate your feet (small stool) to approximate a squatting posture → easier evacuation

Step 4: Foods that really help (and how to use them)

Top “transit-friendly” foods :

• prunes (2–4/day initially), prune compote
• kiwi (1–2/day)
• Legumes (in appropriate portions + long cooking time)
• Yogurts/kefir if well tolerated (supports the microbiota)

Common mistakes

• “I eat more fiber but I don’t drink more” → harder stools
• “I’m cutting out everything that ferments” → diet too low in fiber

Treatments and laxatives during pregnancy: what is generally preferred (with caution)

Golden rule : during pregnancy, lifestyle changes should be prioritized first, followed by bulk-forming / osmotic . Prolonged self-medication is not a good strategy.

Practical table: common options and usage logic

Special case: iron supplementation (very common)

If your pregnancy constipation started with iron supplementation:

1. Do not stop a prescribed treatment on your own
2. Request an adjustment: dose, form, fractionation, combination with vitamin C, or change of preparation (as indicated by a doctor)

Is it possible to "push" when you are constipated during pregnancy?

Repeatedly pushing hard increases pressure on the pelvic floor and promotes/worsens:

• hemorrhoids
• anal fissures
• pain and apprehension during bowel movements (vicious cycle)

The goal is rather to soften the stools (water + fibers + possibly osmotic) and optimize posture.

Constipation during pregnancy by trimester: what changes

1st quarter

Hormones + nausea → hydration and fiber levels are often low.
Priority: small, tolerable actions (kiwi, applesauce, oats, fractionated water).

2nd quarter

Slower digestion, a rounder belly.
Priority: regular walking + progressive fiber intake + toilet routine.

3rd quarter

Mechanical compression + fatigue + possible hemorrhoids.
Priorities: posture, hydration, avoiding flare-ups, treating bowel pain early.

Preventing constipation during pregnancy : a weekly checklist

• [ ] 1–2 portions of “transit” fruit per day (kiwi/prunes/pear)
• [ ] Fibers increased gradually (stable objective rather than a “boost”)
• [ ] Water distributed throughout the day
• [ ] Walk 20–30 min/day (if okay)
• [ ] Toilet stool
• [ ] Reassess iron levels if needed with the doctor/midwife

FAQ 

Is constipation dangerous during pregnancy?

Most often, no, but it can become very uncomfortable and lead to hemorrhoids or fissures. Consult a doctor if you experience severe pain, vomiting, fever, significant bleeding, or a prolonged absence of bowel movements.

Which laxative is most commonly used during pregnancy?

fiber (psyllium) and osmotic laxatives (e.g., macrogol are often preferred , as they work by softening/increasing the water content of the stool. Consulting a healthcare professional is still recommended.

What should you eat when you are constipated during pregnancy?

Prunes , kiwi , oats, cooked vegetables, legumes (if tolerated), well-hydrated chia/flax seeds, and regular meals. Gradually increase fiber and drink more fluids.

How many days without a bowel movement during pregnancy should you start to worry?

If the absence of bowel movements exceeds 5 to 7 days , or if you have significant pain, severe bloating, vomiting, consult a doctor quickly.

Are prunes effective during pregnancy?

Often yes, because they combine fiber and sorbitol. Start with 2–4 prunes per day and adjust according to tolerance.

Conclusion

Constipation during pregnancy is mainly caused by slowed digestion (hormones + mechanical factors), often exacerbated by iron deficiency, decreased activity, and insufficient hydration. The most effective strategy combines: well-chosen fibers + water + exercise + good toilet habits , and if necessary, supervised short-term solutions (such as bulk-forming or osmotic laxatives). If you experience warning signs or persistent severe constipation, the safest course of action is to speak with your midwife or doctor for a plan tailored to your pregnancy.